Ric chaplet



(No Model.)

- F. UHAPL ARD BODY FOR RIFLING CH I TED STEEL I No. 5 1. 11 Aug. 31,1897.

UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERIQOHAPLET, OF LAVAL, FRANCE.

HARD BODY FOR RIFLING CHROMATED STEEL.

SPECIFICATION, forming part of Letters Patent No. 589,161, dated August 31, 1897.

Application filed September 15, 1894. Serial No. 523,137. (Specimens) Patented in France August 8, 1893, Nos. 232,034 and 232,037.

To aZZ whom it 12mg cancer/2 Be it known that I, FRnDnRro CHAPLET, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Laval, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hard Bodies for Rifiing Chromated Steel, Cutting. Rubies and Diamonds, and Methods of Making the Same,

(for which I have received patents in France, Nos. 232,034 and 232,037, dated August 3, 1893,) of which the followingis aspccification.

The object of my invention is relative to the preparation of some new very hard compounds, designated under the name of hard bodies, capable of scratching chrome-steel and suitable for cutting and shaping hard stones, such as rubies and sapphires, and even for cutting and shaping diamonds.

The constituents of these new hard bodies are taken among the sample bodies (metalloids and metals) enumerated as follows 2 first, metalloids-carbon and silicium; second, metals, (diflicult to 1nelt,)titaniuni, chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten.

It is through the combination of two, or, more generally, of three, of the above-mentioned constituents that are obtained the following new hard bodies-such as, for instance, first, titanid of silicium by the combination of titanium and silicium; second, carbo titanid of silicium by the combination of titanium, carbon, and silicium; third, silicid of chromium by the combination of silicium and chromium; fourth, carbo silicid of molybdenum by the combinationpf carbon, silicium, and molybdenum; fifth, carbo silicid of tungsten by the combination of carbon,

' silicium, and tungsten.

titanic acid (Rutile), (TiO,,) pulverized chromium in the shape or state of sesquioxid of chromium, ('OrO pulverized; molybdenum in theshape or state of molybdic acid, (M. 0 pulverized; tungsten in the shape or state of tun gstic acid, (W. 0 pulverized.

For "the preparation of the hard bodies enumerated above it is necessary to proceed, first, to the intimate mixing of their constituents in the above-described state with the necessary proportion of pulverized carbon required for the process of reduction in case carbon is not one of their constituting elements. For instance, for making silicid of chromium silicic acid and sesquioxid of chro mium pulverized are intimately mixed with the proportion of pulverized carbon required for their reduction. hen, on the contrary, carbon is one of the constitutive elementsas, for instance, in carbo titanid of silicium to the intimate mixture of titanic acid and of silicic acid pulverized must be added the total proportion of carbon required in order.

that after the reduction of titanic acid and silicic acid there remains in excess the proportion of carbon necessary for the proper composition of the product. Each of these mixtures thus prepared is introduced in an electric furnace, here it is submitted, during the necessary time, to the high temperature which is indispensable in order to operate the reduction and the combination by Way of igneous melting of its elements. I

When that operation is completed, the heatin g is stopped and the melted mass is allowed to coolp After complete cooling that mass presents itself under a more or less metallic form, more or less compact, more or less crystallized, of a very great hardness, which is the characteristic of the compound thus prepared. For instance, in order to obtain the new very hard compound, the constituents of which are carbon, titanium, and silicium, combined in the proportion of their chemical equivalents, represented by the formula:

6c2etTi14cSi.that is, carbon (0) equals 5 IOO of carbon, titanic acid, and siiicicacid in the in chemical combination, substantially as de- 10 following proportions: for one hundred parts, scribed.

carbon (C) thirty parts, titanic acid (TiO In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my forty parts, silicic acid (SiO thirty parts hand in presence of two witnesses.

5 total, 100, giving thus for this mixture th 1 a 1'1 formula: 3OC40TiO 3USiO FREDLRIO CHAPLLL What I'ciaim is \Vitnesses: The new product, a very hard compound, CHARLES MERVILLE, consisting of carbon, titanium and siliciuln, CLYDE SHROPSHIRE. 

